刘文^*， 张雪， 李志敏， 俞睿玮， 蒋重清

（  辽宁师范大学心理学院；  ）

摘要： 公平是指避免表现出对自己和别人偏爱的行为，近期相关研究发现儿童公平行为既有本质公平也存在表现公平，即人们经常在行为上做出公平的表现而实质上不能忍受公平所付出的代价。本文介绍了儿童表现公平相关理论，概述其最新研究范式和相关研究结果；关注自我表现，利他惩罚是儿童表现公平行为的主要心理动机，未来可以探究儿童表现公平行为策略的发展，社会情境对儿童表现公平的影响，并对儿童表现公平神经机制进行考察。
关键词： 心理学；儿童表现公平；社会信号理论； 自我表现； 利他惩罚 

LIU Wen^*， ZHANG Xue， LI Zhimin， YU Ruiwei， JIANG Zhongqing

（  School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University；  ）

Abstract： In this paper, we emphatically elaborates the theory, paradigm, and motivation of appearing fair in children. Social preference models and Social signaling models are two models to explain why people act fairly. Self-expression and altruistic punishment may be the mainly motivation . Future developmental research can pay more attention to investigating whether children are increasingly likely with age to engage in omissions and other strategies to conceal their unfairness, especially in contexts where they are concerned with presenting themselves favorably to others. It would also be beneficial for future research to investigate whether children's behavior in experiments like these is affected by social situation factors.Further, neural mechanisms of children's appearing fair is also needed.
Keywords： psychology; appearing fair; social signaling, pay attention to self-expression, altruistic punishment.

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